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of sins is neither so lengthy nor so black by a long way as the British.”

Colonial crimes and errors occur inevitably under the first influx of adventurous, unruly or exploiting elements. But it is palpable dishonesty to pretend that a nation so highly organized, well-educated and order-loving as the German, should be incapable of developing un­cultivated territory or of training and civilizing savage races.

The Black Armies of France and England.

Germany upheld as a sacred principle the solidarity of the white race in Africa. Scrupulously she avoided everything which might savour of a militarization of the black race, or violate the spirit of the Congo Acts, designed to keep Africa immune from all wars and to maintain there the supremacy of the white race. Ger­many’s native forces were confined to a limited number of police troops. France, on the contrary, introduced what practically amounted to conscription in Senegam- bia, and made extensive levies among the natives of Northern Africa. She hurled the innocent and bewild­ered children of the desert and the jungle into the hell of European battlefields, where they bled for in­terests which were not their own and were taught to slay white men in a white man’s land with white men’s weapons. This unspeakable abomination against Cau-